From vehicle systems to artificial intelligence software to lifecycle operations, we are engineering novel technologies that advance the state-of-the-art for autonomous driving performance, reliability, and safety.
We are guided by a set of safety principles incorporated into every aspect of our company – from our working environment, to our test track operations, to our product. Our development process is a joint endeavor with OEM partners, designed to ensure safety at every phase, as we continuously test and validate our product from the first line of code all the way to the last mile on public roads.

Ghost Safety Program
The Ghost Safety Program is an end-to-end framework for analyzing autonomous vehicle safety, and for developing and executing safety verification and validation procedures. Divided into three layers, the program encompasses the base Vehicle Systems, the Autonomy Software, and Operations, Monitoring, and Reporting for both test and production fleets.
- Formal software verification
- Fault injection testing
- Software unit, system, and release testing
- Hardware-in-the-loop testing
- Vehicle integration testing
- Security penetration testing
- Perception NN validation
- Scene NN validation
- Driving program validation
- Driver intent model validation
- Scenario simulation
- Track testing and replay
- Road testing and replay
- Collision avoidance testing
- Data integrity testing
- Site and service uptime monitoring
- Test driver reporting, monitoring, and fatigue management
- Incident simulation and response
Vehicle Systems

Autonomy Software
Next, software is validated in-car in the garage and then tested on a private test track, where it is subjected to a battery of challenging and adversarial scenarios.
Finally, software will be tested at increasing scale on public roads under the supervision of dual safety test drivers before being transitioned to OEMs for integration into their vehicles.



Universal obstacle detection with physics-based neural networks










Operations, Monitoring,
and Reporting
